The conclusion of harvest is often marked by manure application to farm fields. Soon, if not already, manure tankers and dragline hoses will make their way into recently harvested fields. Of course, road safety is a concern during this time as more tractors and trailers are hitting the pavement. Handling manure and working in storage areas that contain it is also an area that presents risk but tends to be glazed over. In a recent Cornell Agriculture and Life Sciences article, extension associate Jason Oliver reminded farmers of areas to be mindful of when it comes to manure application.

These days, we never know what kind of winter weather we are going to get. Trying to get everything done before winter hits is a primary concern among the farming population, so times of harvest and manure application are times of the year that farmers like to get the ball rolling. During these times, it can be easy to forget just how quickly incidents can happen. Handling manure can present many risks if not handled properly.

Manure storage areas are home to hydrogen sulfide, a toxic gas that is released from the breakdown of manure. It is extremely prevalent during times of agitation and pumping, making the two most popular times for manure application (spring and fall) the most dangerous. This gas likes to settle in low spots and build up in confined spaces. “While hydrogen sulfide has a characteristic ‘rotten egg’ smell at trace levels, at dangerous and fatal levels it has destroyed the sense of smell,” noted Oliver. Most of the time, fumes can’t be detected, resulting in severe health effects or even death.

At a concentration of 0.01 parts per million (ppm) to 1.5 ppm, odor is detectible. Concentrations above 1.5 ppm can cause health effects, while 1,000 ppm to 2,000 ppm can cause instant death. It is important to train your team about the effects of hydrogen sulfide. The extension associate provided some ways to stay safe from this gas:

• Review safety with your crew before and maintain frequent communication during the job.
• Never climb inside a pit or tank or enter a confined space containing manure without the proper training or safety equipment.
• Do not try to rescue someone who has collapsed without self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) training and equipment.
• Use personal hydrogen sulfide gas monitors that detect the presence of hydrogen sulfide and alert the wearer of dangerous concentrations. These are available for under $100.
  

It is easy to get into a rush as fall rolls around and the list of things to get done on the farm before winter grows long. Taking the time to educate your team on doing things the right way may take time but could result in saving a life. Hydrogen sulfide gas is no joke and can have deadly affects. Think before you enter and play it smart when it comes to working around manure and manure storage areas.