Corn rootworm stands as one of the most expensive threats to U.S. crop farmers. The larvae gnaw on the roots of cornstalks, stunting plant growth and costing growers an estimated $1 to $2 billion per year.
Through biotechnology, corn plants have been genetically modified to contain protein derived from the naturally occurring soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, which is toxic to destructive insects but safe for human consumption. This technology has allowed for a reduced use of synthetic pesticides while still fighting the voracious pest.
Due to its success, this genetically modified corn was planted on an estimated 80 percent of U.S. cornfields last year, up from just 19 percent in 2000. But, if the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) gets its way, use will be more limited in the future.
Corn rootworm is, unfortunately, becoming resistant to the protein that is supposed to kill it. If resistance continues, the EPA fears farmers will need to use more synthetic chemicals, adding expense and creating more environmental risks.
The issue made front page news in The Wall Street Journal. The article pointed out that companies selling the seed assert that they already encourage farmers to alternate corn with other crops and plant nonbiotech corn in some fields. The agency has taken a stand, though, because they feel the industry hasn't done enough to curb the spread.
In its proposal, the EPA would require makers of rootworm-resistant corn to curtail repeated plantings in badly affected areas. In portions of Iowa, Illinois, Nebraska and surrounding states, the agency is pushing for about 35 percent of fields to be planted with another crop after two years of growing rootworm resistant corn. Seed companies could incorporate such requirements into the agreements farmers sign when they buy biotech corn, or they could use incentives to encourage participation.
The EPA's window for public comment wraps up today (Monday, March 16, 2015). No doubt, corn growers across the country will be keeping their ears open to hear what happens next.
(c) Hoard's Dairyman Intel 2015
March 16, 2015
